Native Chinese’s problem when speaking in English
中文沒有或是差異部分
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Grammar
- Tense: particularly past tense with verb
- Gender: he/she not in spoken Chinese
- single/plural
- 假設句: if I were , I would have …
- 中文特性 (I, I, I, you, you, you)
- 太多主觀 (I, I think, I believe): 英文最好避免 I …: (1) 加入不確定性: I am wondering …, If you ask me, …, (2) 使用 in my view, …
- 太多祈使句 (imperative, you, you, you):請你 xxxx -> 英文不禮貌最好轉問句 : could you please …,
- 我(今天)(在臺北)吃飯 。中文時間地點最先。 I ate in Taipei today. 英文地點、時間最後。
- 方向:中文: 東西先於南北:東北風。英文南北先於東西: northeast, southwest.
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pronunciation/tones
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國語特性:一字一音,結尾母音或開口子音
- vowel:
- auto- (short o), 中文只有長音的 o (歐),沒有短音 o (auto, law)
- paper, pepper: different /ei or e/
- bed, bad: different /e and e/
- consonant
- 因爲中文 ending 主要是母音 (開口,e.g. 馬) 或是開口子音 (文,中)。不習慣閉口子音。也不習慣連續子音 (ks, ds, ms, ns, etc.)
- e.g. ending with m (close mouth): name, time
- s/z and th at the end (smooth, both, clothes, sixth)
- wh -> either w or h: who, what, where
- 因爲國語一字一音。不習慣發音多音節 long word
- 重音在前 發音成重音在中或後 : ‘mechanism (x me’chanism)
- 不習慣省略中間的 vowel: ’chocolate, ‘comfortable, ‘vegetable
- 不記得省略子音: salmon, herb
- 外來字 (特別是法文): rendezvous, dejavu
- cliche’ /ei/, cafe’, finace’
- age /ag/ (action), entourage, sabotage, camouflage, barrage, garage, tutelage, espionage
- bouquet (no sound), ballet
- a -> o, renaissance
- pig, swine -> pork (法,豬); cow -> beef(法,牛), sheep -> lamb (法,羊)
- intonation
- 中文一般沒有 (sentence) intonation, 而是聲調 (word)。英文相反。
- 中文一般沒有 (sentence) 輕重音。英文相反。
- A bowl of freshly fried flying fish.
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